Why Are Some People More Sensitive to Gluten? And What You Need to Know About Coeliac Disease

Gluten is a protein in wheat, rye, barley, and some oats. For many, gluten is just part of everyday food. But for others, it can be a hidden culprit behind uncomfortable symptoms and significant health issues.

Wondering why some people react so strongly to gluten? Curious about why gluten intolerance seems to be increasing? Or wanting to understand what coeliac disease is — and how to know if you have it for sure?

Let’s dive into the essentials in a way that's easy to understand and approachable, whether you're just starting to explore gluten sensitivity or living with a diagnosis.

Why Are Some People More Sensitive to Gluten?

Our bodies and genes play a significant role in how we tolerate gluten. These are the key reasons why some people are more sensitive:

• Genetic Factors: If close family members have coeliac disease or gluten sensitivity, there's a higher chance you might too.

• Immune System Reaction: In sensitive individuals, the immune system mistakenly sees gluten as a threat and launches a reaction. This causes inflammation and symptoms.

• Gut Health: Changes in your gut bacteria or damage to your intestinal lining can increase gluten sensitivity. Your gut is a delicate ecosystem, and when disrupted, intolerance can flare.

Why Is Gluten Intolerance on the Rise?

Have you noticed more and more people talking about gluten intolerance and coeliac disease? Here’s why it might be on the rise:

• Changes in Diet: Higher consumption of processed foods with gluten and changes in wheat strains might contribute to intolerance.

• Greater Awareness: More people are recognising symptoms and getting diagnosed than ever, so it seems to be increasing.

• Environment & Food Processing: Modern farming and food production methods may affect gluten proteins and our immune systems differently than in the past.

What Is Coeliac Disease?

Coeliac disease is a serious autoimmune condition where gluten triggers the immune system to attack the small intestine, damaging its lining. This makes it difficult to absorb nutrients properly, which can cause a wide range of symptoms.

Symptoms can include:

• Diarrhoea, bloating, stomach pain

• Fatigue and brain fog

• Unexplained weight loss

• Skin rashes or joint pain

It’s essential to diagnose coeliac disease early to avoid long-term complications like malnutrition or other autoimmune diseases.

How Do You Know for Certain If You Have Coeliac Disease?

The diagnostic process usually involves a few key steps:

• Blood Tests: The most common test is the tTG-IgA antibody test, which checks your immune response to gluten. For accurate results, you must be eating gluten regularly before testing.

• Genetic Testing: Tests can check for genes associated with coeliac disease (HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8). If these are absent, it’s very unlikely you have coeliac disease.

• Intestinal Biopsy: Sometimes doctors will take a small tissue sample from your small intestine to confirm damage caused by gluten.

Are Blood Tests Accurate?

Blood tests are accurate when performed correctly, but false positives or negatives can happen, especially if you’ve already cut gluten from your diet before testing. If you suspect you have coeliac disease but your tests are negative, discuss further evaluation with your healthcare provider.

Can Coeliac Disease Develop After Pregnancy?

Yes! Your friend’s experience is valid. Coeliac disease can develop at any stage of life, including after pregnancy.

"Hormonal changes, immune system shifts, and the stress of pregnancy can sometimes trigger coeliac disease in people who are genetically predisposed."

If you or someone you know developed new gluten-related symptoms postpartum, it’s wise to get tested.

Ready to Take Charge of Your Gut Health?

If you're experiencing symptoms or have concerns around gluten and coeliac disease, professional support can make all the difference. I offer personalised nutrition and counselling focusing on digestive health, gluten-free living, and whole-body wellness in my Camden clinic and through secure telehealth consultations.

Book a Consultation Now

Embrace the journey to vibrant health and wellbeing—let’s work together to help you thrive.

Written by Carmelina Arcella — Nutritionist & Counsellor

For more resources and upcoming seminars on coeliac disease and gluten-free living, visit www.carmelinaarcella.com.au